The Abolition Of Stigma Of A Young Age - 1892 Words

The Abolishment of Stigma Living a life that is filling with criticism and stigmatization from both an internal and external force is not a life any person should have to life, but it is unquestionably not the life for a young adolescent. Teenagers living with depression face daily obstacles with social interactions, and the interactions in their minds. The stigma placed on mental illness has made it nearly impossible for teens fighting depression to feel comfortable with themselves, and more importantly that the teenagers belong. When facing depression, a teen will most likely feel alienated from those around themselves. The struggle of the deep sense of loneliness felt by depressed teens is unbearable to most, which is why many choose to take their own life. I know these feelings all too well, because I have been battling depression for three years. I know that true horrors that come with having depression at a young age, and what it is like living in a world that does not look kin dly on that. It is very difficult to open to those around, because most people think the depression is just like sadness and will be temporary. In the beginning, friends and family did not understand why I was not my normal self, and they would tell me to stop sleeping so much and to cheer up. Most people cannot or choose to not comprehend the fact that there is no quick fix cure for depression, and that this is my new reality. Most people around me and most teens with depression try their bestShow MoreRelatedThe New Jim Crow : Mass Incarceration Essay795 Words   |  4 PagesThe video we were asked to write a reflection on discussed The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness which is a book written by Michelle Alexander a highly acclaimed civil rights lawyer, advocate and Associate Professor of Law at Ohio State University. 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What Is The Purity Check Of DNA - 982 Words

Additionally, the values shown in table 3., above, that also includes the ratios of A260/280 and A260/230 columns were less consistent over replicates in the A260/280 findings, while the A260/230 results appeared more closely comparable. The ‘purity’ check of DNA for successfully isolated DNA was expected to be 1.8 for the A260/280 ratios and it appears that the actual data recorded does reflect theoretical value more closely than the data form table 2. However, the ratios are not exactly 1.8 but are generally higher, which may mean that there are traces of RNA present in the sample since the expected value for RNA is around 2.0. Finally, the purity check regarding the A260/230 ratio is significantly lower than the expected 1.8 for†¦show more content†¦a. Salt and ethanol were essential in the precipitation DNA isolation process to create a counter ion force great enough to attract the negatively charged phosphate ions of the DNA backbone [3]. Thus, allowing t he DNA to be selectively bonded with the positively charged ions of the added ethanol and salt solution. b. The molecular advantages of the column method that involve the use of Qiagen spin columns is that there are many more steps in the purification process that the resulting DNA is often much purer than those of the precipitation method that mainly focuses on yielding a greater amount of DNA but lacks in well purified isolates [1]. Many labs use DNeasy spin columns for precisely this reason since there is a higher probability that a smaller sample will yield more thoroughly purified DNA. They may additionally decide to use this method over the other since it allows for a smaller sample size to be used in DNA extraction and isolation. Figure 3. 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Introduction to the System Thinking-Free-Samples for Students

Questions: 1.How to apply Ice-berg Model to solve Domestic Violence in the Society. 2.To what extent do you agree with this statement, and why? Draw on one of the following wicked problems to illustrate your answer. Answers: Introduction System thinking is one of the ways of providing solutions to problems whereby the issue is broken down into individual portions which are different and then establish a relationship between these parts of the problem. Whereas the traditional approach emphasizes on the exact whole problem under study, system thinking is concerned with understanding the relationship that exists between the individual parts of the whole problem. Thus, this aspect of system thinking has positioned it in a better position to handle and solve complex problems by establishing the relationship that exists between the various entities involved (Sweeney and Sterman, 2007, p. 285). A look at the current life on the planet, many aspects have changed, and thus, the problem has developed to be more complicated to be solved the traditional thinking methods. The advance in complexity of issues on the planet has made it necessary for the application of system thinking to handle these problems (Celano, Smith and Kaslow, 2010, p. 40). Systems thinking has proofed in many cases to be better than traditional thinking in handling the complex problems in the society. It combines technology, process, and skills to handle these problems. However, just like the traditional thinking, systems thinking also has some weaknesses and thus cannot solve all the complex problems in the society. The main aim of this essay is to establish why system thinking is a better option of handling the complex, wicked problems in the world. The paper attempts to explain and compare the application of both thinkings and thus proof how effective system thinking can be over the traditional thinking in solving the problems. To achieve this aim, the essay has other objectives which include establishing the establishing the various ways through which systems thinking can solve the domestic violence and then comparing it with the extend that the problem will be solved when the current thinking is applied on the same problem. Therefore, this will provide a good platform to compare the two kinds of thinking and thus, realize the power of system thinking to solve complex problems (Barton and Haslett, 2007, p. 150). The plan of this essay begins by bringing out an analysis of the domestic violence as a wicked problem in the society. It further attempts to apply systems thinking to solve this wicked problem. This is achieved by the systematic integration of the four levels of the ice-berg model of systems thinking to solve problems. Also, the essay tries to discuss the various strengths found and its associated weaknesses in the process of applying systems thinking. Also, the plan of the essay also covers the position of systems thinking in solving wicked problems and thus, reveals the position as to whether it can solve them or not. Looking at the definitions, domestic violence is defined as a state of disagreement that happens in an intimate or family relationship where one partner abuses the other. Examples of these abuses can be financial, psychological, emotional, physical or sometimes sexual. As a wicked problem, the domestic violence is complex regarding its happening. The cause of the problem is not clear nor the solution thus its nature is complex. Also, the problem has interconnections that occasionally conflict when handling the problem that can lead to unforeseen trouble (Stanton and Welsh, 2011). The nature of domestic violence has made the application of the current thinking to fail in several cases, and therefore, this has prompted for the attempts to apply system thinking to solve this wicked problem (Ehrlinger and Eibach, 2011, p. 60). Domestic violence, like other sustainable challenges in the world, has various characteristics of wicked problems. The violence is unclear to be understood, unstable and lacks a vivid solution. Besides, the problem has many interconnections to other variables and thus, handling it affects other factors. The main factor that causes domestic violence cannot be established for handling because there is a series of unclear suspected causes that have not been proofed. Every human being can fall a victim of domestic violence in the world because it affects everybody (Gregory and Miller, 2014, p. 319). The sustainability of this wicked problem in the society can be attributed to a range of factors. These include the different personal experiences for those abused and the abusers. Some of these experiences include jealousy, low self-esteem, and the fear of being abandoned among other factors. Besides, the beliefs in the human society whereby a man is placed higher than the women have sustained the domestic violence. Also, domestic violence has been sustained by the slackness in the society to handle cases of domestic violence when they happen. This laxity entails the blame of the women, failed persecutions and many other factors (Arnold and Wade, 2015, p. 669). 1.Ice-berg Model to solve Domestic Violence in the Society System thinking is a way to handle complex problems in the society can use models for effectiveness. This helps in guiding the steps that can be employed to achieve system thinking. There are six main steps used in solving the problems through systems thinking. These are an understanding of the problem, observation of the patterns over time, making a statement of focus, establishing the structure, a deeper analysis and a plan for intervention. When the ice-berg model is used, it summarizes these steps into four main levels (Richmond, 2010). These are event level, pattern generation, the establishment of structures and creation of the mental models. Ice-berg model systematic guide of levels that critical solving the problems. The event level of the ice-berg model of system thinking can be explained to be the first stage of observing the actual things that are happening. Regarding domestic violence, it has been observed that when people come into intimate relationships, there are chances of disagreements and differences occurring which in turn results in domestic violence (Catalano, 2007). This has the chances of happening to anyone anywhere in the world. In a case of disagreements, one partner abuses the other, and this may happen in many different possible ways. The main domestic abuses that have been observed are financial, psychological, emotional, physical or sometimes sexual (Soderquistand and Overakkar, 2010, p. 197). Also, the violence has been observed to cause effects to the victims. These effects include both social and economic effects to people. The second level of the ice-berg model is the observing the patterns. Domestic violence has depicted various important trends in its happening of the events. The violence has equal chances of happening to all people in the society (International Labour Organization, 2009). It does not consider the gender, sexuality, economic status, job position, religion or ethnicity. This is a very important pattern that brings out the complexity of domestic violence a wicked problem. Also, another pattern that has been observed is that the violence does not consider the kind of relationship of the intimate partners (Kumanyika, Parker and Sim, 2010). Thus, domestic violence happens equally to lesbians, bisexual, transgender and heterosexuals without any discrimination. Both male and female can be victims of domestic violence in the society. However, as a pattern, domestic violence has been observed to be mostly caused by the men in the society, and the women are the ones that experience the domestic abuse. There are only a few cases where the woman starts the domestic violence and makes the man to be victimized of this. This has happened only in a few cases especially where the woman is older than the man. The violence does not consider the stage of the relationship or the age of the family. Also, the violence rarely happens as a one-off thing but tends to grow over a period (Banerjee and Esther, 2011). Therefore, it is clear that the gender that mainly triggers the violence is men. The third level of the ice-berg model of system thinking is the establishment of the structure. Firstly, regarding the cause, the statistical information has depicted the pattern of men causing most of the violence in the society. The structure of this happens is attributed to the society and its position placement of the man. The society has advocated for men to have more ego than the women (United Nations, 2010). Therefore, the gender parity has one of the causes of violence where men dominate over the women. Some of the other causes of domestic violence include the desire of the abusers to have control of their partners. The control can be of different types that abuser seeks to achieve. This cause is associated with the power imbalance in the sexes as it exists in the society. Besides, some minor factors lead to the violence such as drug abuse, excessive drinking of alcohol, lack of employment, poor health of the partner, and stress among other factors (International Labor Organization 2009). These factors have the potential of making the partners to lose their minds and thus cause violence to their partners. Lastly, the ice-berg model covers the mental model level. This is a stage where the model provides room for critical thinking to provide solutions and conclusions that are in line with the problem structure and the patterns observed. From the problem structure described above, one of the items mentioned is the positioning of the men in the society (Meadows, 2008). This problem can be solved through establishing strict penalties for those who engage in the domestic violence. Also, the court needs to be stricter and thus reform to come up with rigorous ways of handling this cases. Also, the women should be funded to be empowered economically, and this will help them get a better respectable position in the society. However, such an action should be done carefully to avoid arising of other problems associated with this challenge (Hindin, Sunita and Donna, 2008). It is evident that there is no direct method that can be applied to solve domestic violence in the society. However, the approached taken are meant to reduce the occurrence and also lower the magnitude of the violence in the society. Also, as a solution, the there is need to come up with prevention programs of the causes. The programs should run for some time and then continuously evaluate their effectiveness. Such strategies will help curb the vices that usually leads to domestic violence and thus, reduce the violence to a reasonably good level. However, it should be noted that employing tactics to reduce or curb domestic violence must be done carefully given the fact the violence as a wicked problem has its associated repercussions when attempting to reduce it (Cabrera and Laura, 2015). 2.Extent to which system thinking solves domestic violence Through the ice-berg model, systems thinking can curb domestic violence to a big extent compared to the current thinking system. The model provides a step to step process that helps in working out solutions for the solving of domestic violence in the society (Hazen Soriano, 2007, p. 570). Thus, systems thinking is the best method to apply in solving the wicked problems. However, there is a need for maximum precautions to be taken when applying the model. This is because as a wicked problem, there are possibilities of the arising of new associated problems due to applications of the methods that are providing a solution to the challenge. Therefore, this can lower the efficiency of systems thinking in solving the wicked problems. Conclusion In conclusion, system thinking is a better than the current thinking in handling the wicked problems in the society. The approach considers the complex problems as small units which have interconnecting relationships. The approach can be applied in many cases where the traditional thinking method has failed. Systems thinking the approach has models that can be employed to provide the steps that can guide in handing the wicked problems through systems thinking. Thus, systems thinking is a better problem-solving method than the current thinking system. Also, unlike the current thinking which is unstructured, systems thinking is highly structured, and thus it is in a better position to handle these challenging wicked problems. These among other characteristics have been key in providing the driving force of the systems thinking. However, systems thinking also has some shortcomings on its side although they are minimal compared to those of the current thinking. Therefore, system thinking is the appropriate way to handle wicked changes in the society such as the domestic violence and many others. References Arnold, R., and Wade, J. (2015). "A Definition of Systems Thinking: the Systems Approach," Procedia Computer Science, Volume 44, pp. 669-678 Banerjee, V. and Esther D. (2011).Poor Economics: A Radical Rethinking of a Way to Fight Global Poverty. New York: Public Affairs. Barton, J., and Haslett, T. (2007). Analysis, synthesis, systems thinking and the scientific method: Rediscovering the importance of open systems. Systems Research and Behavioral Science, 24, pp. 143-155. Cabrera, D. and Laura C. (2015).Systems Thinking Made Simple. New Hope for Solving Wicked Problems.United States of America: Odysseus Press. Catalano, S. (2007). Intimate partner violence in the United States. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics Celano, M., Smith, C., and Kaslow, N. (2010). The couple and family therapy competency. Psychotherapy, 47, pp. 35-44. Ehrlinger, J., and Eibach, R. (2011). Focalism and the failure to foresee the unintended Consequences. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 33, pp. 59-68. Gregory, A. and Miller, S. (2014). "Using Systems Thinking to Educate for Sustainability in a Business School," Systems, Volume 2, pp. 313-327 Hazen, A., Soriano, F. (2007). Experiences with intimate partner violence among Latina Women. Violence against Women, pp. 562-582. Hindin, M., Sunita K. and Donna L. (2008). Intimate partner violence among couples in 10 DHS Countries: predictors and health outcomes. DHS Analytical Studies, No. 18. Calverton, Maryland: Macro International. International Labour Organization (2009).The Cost of Coercion: Global Report under the The follow-up to the ILO Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work.International Labour Conference, 98th Session. Report of the Director General. Geneva. Kumanyika, S., Parker, L. and Sim, L. (2010). Defining the Problem: The Importance of Taking a Systems Perspective in Bridging the Evidence Gap in Obesity Prevention: A Framework to Inform Decision Making. Washington, National Academies Press. Meadows, D. (2008). Thinking in systems. White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green Publishing Richmond, B. (2010). "The Thinking in Systems Thinking: Eight Critical Skills," TracingConnections, ISEE systems, and the Creative Learning Exchange Soderquistand, C. and Overakkar, S. (2010). "Education for Sustainable Development: ASystems Thinking Approach," Global Environmental, Research, pp. 193-202 Stanton, M. and Welsh, R. (2011). Specialty competencies in couple and family psychology. NewYork, NY: Oxford University PressSweeney, L. and Sterman, D. (2007). Thinking about systems: Student and teacher conceptions of natural and social systems. System Dynamics Review, 23, pp. 285-312. United Nations (2010).The Worlds Women 2010: Trends and Statistics.Series K, No. 19. SalesNo. E10.XVII.11.

Presidents Eisenhower and Johnson the Civil Rights Movement

Table of Contents Introduction Historical background Eisenhower and Civil Rights Movement Lyndon Johnson and Civil Rights Movement Conclusion Notes Works Cited Introduction Presidents Dwight Eisenhower and Lyndon Johnson played crucial roles in the Civil Rights movements in the USA. The African Americans and other minority groups in the US faced discrimination. For instance they were not allowed to vote.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Presidents Eisenhower and Johnson: the Civil Rights Movement specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More They were denied freedom to mix and mingle with Native Americans in both public and social gatherings. To handle these challenges needed resolute leadership. Eisenhower’s presidency saw the introduction of the Civil Rights Act in 1957. Lyndon Johnson, on the other hand, equally grappled with this issue early enough. Historical background The social historians have managed to cog ently present the politics that surrounded the civil rights movement. They particularly focused on retelling the predicament of the underclass and their strategies of progress over time.1 Ezra has adequately managed to present the struggle through which the African Americans went through to gain civil liberties and recognition in the American society.He further avers that although civil rights movement has been greatly highlighted, it just marked a lower position of the road to freedom (Ezra 5). Actually, the African Americans started their struggle for freedom many years. The struggle could be traced all the way to the Atlantic Slave trade. He has successfully illustrated what the slaves did to express their resistance to slave trade. For instance, he says that the slaves never wanted to abandon their heritage (Ezra 38). They married fellow slaves and went ahead and had families. They have resisted through a myriad of ways such as feigning illness, spoiling the tools meant to be us ed for working and to some extent would even capture and murder their captors. It is against this backdrop that 1954 to 1968 came to be greatly associated with civil rights movement. It was a momentous era in the African Americans’ struggle for freedom as it led to substantial gains in the fight for equal rights. The era was one characterized by heightened activism. Secondly, the era gained the support of non blacks. The whites also sympathised with the cause of the struggle. The movement also managed to gain the support of the aims of government, the executive, legislature, and even the judiciary (Ezra 6). The executive particularly did so through issuing of speeches of civil rights movement.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Fourthly, the civil rights movement managed to receive international attention and support. Finally, the media was not left behind. It played a pivotal role in projecting the civil rights movement as one was putting the American moral conscience to question. Lyndon Johnson’s participation in the Civil Rights movement had started earlier, though covertly. His experience of teaching in a segregated school made him develop a deep conviction that segregation was morally wrong. He always thought of once transforming America into a great society, and when he thought of segregation, he felt that America was not pursuing that direction of greatness. He had worked with the segregated minority groups since 1928. As an elementary school teacher in a segregated Mexican American only school, Johnson saw how the small community was wallowing in abject poverty and illiteracy. They also lived in squalid conditions. By this he felt that the situation could only be remedied through provision of education. Eisenhower and Civil Rights Movement Dwight D. Eisenhower (1953-1961) approached the Civil Rights movement with measured caution (Jacoway 65). H is support for the Civil Rights movement was measured so as he could not seem to antagonize his voting base. Eisenhower’s contribution towards civil rights movement has been mired with controversy. Many analysts felt that he stood on both sides of the fence. All in all, his action or inaction had crucial contribution to the civil rights movement in the US. Many analysts have seen that Eisenhower tried all ways possible to avoid issues that had to do with race conflict. But this could not go on for long as he got spurred into action in the Brown vs. Board of Education in 1954.2 The Supreme Court had ruled that segregation that occurred in the public schools was unconstitutional. It is believed that this Supreme Court ruling did not go down well with Eisenhower (Jacoway 70). Consequently, he declined to sanction its endorsement. Most opponents of desegregation got their agitation bolstered by this silence from the highest office. As such, most whites from the south formed counc ils whose sole purpose was to hinder or sabotage any compliance to the court’s ruling through various ways including violence and intimidation. Other groups resorted to political action to discourage compliance.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Presidents Eisenhower and Johnson: the Civil Rights Movement specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Though Eisenhower had not been publicly associated with the Civil Rights Movement, the Little Rock incident made him respond. Initially, his belief was that no one should force the other person to change beliefs and convictions through legislation. He thought that such change could only be occasioned through their heart. In other words, he did not want to support legislation for Civil Rights but the event at Little Rock school formed a turning point on the whole view. Eisenhower, though opposed to the ruling of the court, was duty bound by the constitution to respect it. So , when white mobs prevented some black students from joining Little Rock High school, Eisenhower had to dispatch the army to guard and make sure the black students were protected the whole year (Jacoway 44). Even Governor Faubus reluctantly agreed to let the African American students enrol in the school. The troops stayed at the school for the whole year and in 1958 Central High School in Little Rock produced the first African American graduate. In this situation it can be seen that Eisenhower contributed towards the initial implementation of desegregation in the American public schools. This he did but not without constant interruption. For example, we are told that in 1958 Governor Faubus, in a bid to sabotage desegregation, went ahead and closed all public schools. This was solely aimed at stopping the integration program that was already underway. Another area in which Eisenhower contributed greatly towards civil Rights Movement was legislation. For instance, it is recorded that he was the one who first signed civil rights legislation. The law required that the federal government protects all voting rights of individuals regardless of colour, creed etc.3 The situation was particularly worse in the Southern states: African Americans had completely been disenfranchised – their voting rights had been denied despite the constitution having stated otherwise. The states managed to prevent them through roadblocks such as subjecting them to literacy tests and even poll taxes licence for letting them vote.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More But it should not also be forgotten that the jury of the matter was that the jury was predominantly white hence there was no hope of a fair verdict. Eisenhower did not tire in signing legislation. For example, in 1960, he further went ahead and signed his second Civil Rights law that was a further advancement over the previous one (Jacoway 86). In other cases, the president invoked executive authority to further champion civil rights as envisaged in the constitution. In a nutshell, Eisenhower valued moderation as he went about the civil rights issue. For example, he urged both sides to go slow. He urged those who wanted the rights to be implemented to go slow as well as those who were opposed to desegregation. To him the both sides were exhibited extremist tendencies in their approach, something he seemed to abhor. Lyndon Johnson and Civil Rights Movement Johnson’s soft spot for civil rights movement is well documented. He started implementing his aspirations at the formative stage before he even became president. He recognised the effect of racism even while serving as President John Kennedy’s Vice President (Kirk 101). He appreciated that the blacks had played a crucial role in World War II; hence the need for the state to treat them well otherwise he thought that could result in a bloody revolution. After assuming the US Presidency, in 1963 after Kennedy’s assassination, Johnson set out his vision of transforming America into a â€Å"Great Society†. He felt that this could only be achieved through eradication of poverty and racial discrimination. During this tenure the Civil Rights Bill was passed into law. Some southerners were not amused with Johnson’s interest in Civil Rights by seeing to it that the Bill was passed in its entirety without any form of dilution (Kirk 97). He devoted all his energy and resources to achieve this end. However, Johnson seemed to receive a backlash from the whites and even the blacks, who tho ught the Bill was not comprehensive enough. To further ensure the right to decent living and education, Johnson felt that his Elementary and Secondary Education Act in 1965 was a solution towards helping the poor out of the squalid conditions in the ghettos. True to his wishes, very poor states like Mississippi received uplifting federal funding that led to a large number of African Americans accessing higher education. The African American students quadrupled within a very short time. Though Johnson feared opposition from Congress, he further pushed the voting Rights Act of 1965. The political face of the South changed dramatically as it became integrated. Johnson succeeded in his legislative journey because of his persuasive nature and strong desire and determination to right all the wrongs that had bedevilled the minority in the country. The voting Rights Act actually helped the African Americans and other minority groups in the US to vote freely without any hindrance. Furthermor e, the Acts made the African Americans gain economic and political power (Kirk 77). Despite all the work that Johnson had done, there were riots in Watts, Los Angeles. These riots had been occasioned by some element of de-facto discrimination that continued to thrive. This type of discrimination was one that was not easy to legislate against. The Africans further rioted till 1966. Riots occurred in more than 38 cities in America. All in all, Johnson can be said to have played a very important role in the civil rights movement. This could be seen in his success in putting a stop to de jure kind of discrimination. Now African Americans could vote freely and even get voted for during elections. In the field of education his Education Acts acted as catalysts for disaggregation in schools and other educational institutions. Even in his other Acts, Johnson managed to greatly improve the economic stature of the Africans as even their unemployment rates reduced by over 34%. Conclusion The h istorians have successfully managed to analyze the civil rights movement. From their expose, they have managed to show or reveal how presidents Eisenhower and Johnson were faced with the dilemma to pursue civil rights while at the same time deeply worried about losing votes from opposing sides. All in all, they finally managed to promote civil rights. Notes See U.S. Commission on Civil Rights Report, Justice (1961). Brown v. Board of Education, 347 U.S. 483 (1954). See William L. Taylor, The Passion of My Times: An Advocate’s Fifty-Year Journey in the Civil Rights Movement (Carroll Graf Publishers, 2004), p. xv. Works Cited Ezra, Michael. Civil Rights Movement: People and Perspectives. California: ABC-CLIO, 2009. Print. Jacoway, Elizabeth. Turn Away Thy Son: Little Rock, the Crisis that Shocked the Nation. New York: Free Press, 2007. Print. Kirk, John. Beyond Little Rock: the Origins and Legacies of the Central High Crisis. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press, 2007. Print. This essay on Presidents Eisenhower and Johnson: the Civil Rights Movement was written and submitted by user Tristen C. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.